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How Text-to-Video AI Works Under the Hood

1From Prompt to Conditioning Signal2Latent Diffusion: Generating Video in Compressed Space3Spatio-Temporal Attention: Keeping Frames Consistent4Where the Pipeline Breaks: Failure Modes and Their Causes
Where the Pipeline Breaks: Failure Modes and Their Causes

Flicker and Identity Drift

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Now the clip is clean in every frame, but the sequence shimmers. Look at the temporal links running between matching patches across frames.
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When temporal attention links are weak, the model re-decides what each frame contains instead of carrying a decision forward. The result is flicker, where brightness and texture shift frame to frame, and identity drift, where a face or object changes appearance as it moves. The temporal links that should have anchored the same spatial location across frames either never formed or broke, so each frame is solved in isolation. This is the signature failure of insufficient temporal attention, not of conditioning or compression.

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