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How AI Answers Questions About Documents It Never Learned

1Why the Model Cannot Answer From Your Documents Alone2Chunking and Embedding: Turning Documents Into Something Searchable3Retrieval: Finding the Right Passages for a Question4Grounded Generation: Answering From the Retrieved Text
Retrieval: Finding the Right Passages for a Question

Measuring Closeness

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With the question sitting in the same space, the system can finally ask a simple question of its own: which chunks are closest to this point?
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Similarity search measures the distance between the question vector and every chunk vector in the index, then ranks the chunks by closeness. Because closeness in this space stands for similarity in meaning, the nearest chunks are the ones whose content is most related to the question. The result is an ordered list of candidate chunks rather than a single answer.

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