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Why Oceans Don't Drain Into the Ground

1Introduction: The Ocean Basin as a Container2The Structure of the Seafloor3Permeability and Porosity: The Key Barriers4Hydrostatic Pressure and Equilibrium5The Continental Shelf and Slope6Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD)7Tectonic Subduction and Deep Water Cycling8The Global Water Cycle Balance9Common Misconceptions About Gravity and Drains10Conclusion: The Stability of Our Oceans
Tectonic Subduction and Deep Water Cycling

Visualizing Subduction Zones

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Here is a cross-section of a subduction zone. Notice the oceanic plate on the left, which is denser and heavier. It slides underneath the lighter continental plate on the right. As this plate dives, it carries water with it—not as a liquid, but trapped inside the rocks themselves. Watch how the plate bends and descends into the mantle.
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An interactive diagram showing how an oceanic plate subducts beneath another plate, carrying hydrated minerals and water into the mantle.

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